17-year elevated temperature study of HDPE geomembrane longevity in air, water and leachate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 17-year investigation of a geomembrane (GMB) aged at 55, 70 and 85°C in air, water and leachate is reported. At test termination, the mechanical properties had only reached nominal failure in leachate and water at 70 and 85°C. Consistent with a previous study, there is a significant reduction in stress crack resistance (SCR) before there is clear evidence of oxidative degradation; this is attributed to the morphological changes due to disentanglement of entangled polymer chains. The effect of this apparent morphological change on SCR appeared to be greatest for the GMB when immersed in water and leachate at 70°C, although it is evident for all fluids at all three test temperatures. Using the most conservative estimates, the time to nominal failure (t NF , time to 50% of the initial or specified property value) in leachate, water and air (no UV exposure) ranged from >13, 18 and 170 years at 60°C to 660, 1500, and 1700 years, respectively, at 20°C. Assuming minimal tensile strains in the GMB, the time to nominal failure of this GMB in a composite liner is likely estimated to vary from >50 years at 60°C to >550 years at 35°C and > 1100 years at 20°C.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".