Collaboration between Canadian Grantmaking Foundations: The Expression of an Increasingly Ambitious and Strategic Philanthropic Sector?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article critically discusses the practice of foundation collaboration in Canada and describes the context, vehicles, and forms that it takes. It is based on data from interviews with 23 key informants and a literature review of over 100 publications from grey and scholarly literature. Over the last decade, Canadian grantmaking foundations appear to be working together more often, motivated by goals of information sharing, coordination, impact, and risk mitigation. In Canada, as elsewhere, this growing practice is closely related to the trend toward strategic philanthropy, in which foundations position themselves as agents of change. The article raises cautions and criticisms about foundation collaboration, related to considerations of strategic and cultural fit as well as to existing challenges concerning philanthropy’s power and legitimacy in society.L’article propose de faire un examen critique des pratiques de collaboration entre fondations subventionnaires au Canada, qui représentent un domaine jusqu’ici peu exploré dans la recherche scientifique. À partir d’entretiens avec 23 informateurs clés et une recension d’écrits scientifiques et non scientifiques, l’article décrit le contexte, les chemins d’émergence et les formes que prennent ces pratiques de collaboration. Au cours de la dernière décennie, les pratiques de collaboration entre fondations subventionnaires semblent afficher une progression au Canada. Des fondations participantes indiquent être motivées par le désir de soutenir le développement des connaissances, de mieux coordonner leurs efforts, d’accroitre l’efficacité ou l’impact de leurs interventions et d’en atténuer les risques. Au Canada comme ailleurs, le développement des pratiques de collaboration entre fondations est lié à l’influence du courant de la philanthropie « stratégique » qui incite les fondations à assumer une posture plus affirmée d’agent de changement. L’article partage également des réflexions critiques au sujet de ces pratiques. Entre autres, il arrive que les organisations participantes doivent composer avec des défis de compatibilité culturelle et stratégique. De plus, ces pratiques se confrontent à des débats existants concernant le pouvoir exercé par les fondations philanthropiques et leur légitimité en tant qu’acteurs sociaux.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".