Treatment gap for anxiety disorders is global: Results of the World Mental Health Surveys in 21 countries
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders are a major cause of burden of disease. Treatment gaps have been described, but a worldwide evaluation is lacking. We estimated, among individuals with a 12-month DSM-IV (where DSM is Diagnostic Statistical Manual) anxiety disorder in 21 countries, the proportion who (i) perceived a need for treatment; (ii) received any treatment; and (iii) received possibly adequate treatment. METHODS: Data from 23 community surveys in 21 countries of the World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. DSM-IV mental disorders were assessed (WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview, CIDI 3.0). DSM-IV included posttraumatic stress disorder among anxiety disorders, while it is not considered so in the DSM-5. We asked if, in the previous 12 months, respondents felt they needed professional treatment and if they obtained professional treatment (specialized/general medical, complementary alternative medical, or nonmedical professional) for "problems with emotions, nerves, mental health, or use of alcohol or drugs." Possibly adequate treatment was defined as receiving pharmacotherapy (1+ months of medication and 4+ visits to a medical doctor) or psychotherapy, complementary alternative medicine or nonmedical care (8+ visits). RESULTS: Of 51,547 respondents (response = 71.3%), 9.8% had a 12-month DSM-IV anxiety disorder, 27.6% of whom received any treatment, and only 9.8% received possibly adequate treatment. Of those with 12-month anxiety only 41.3% perceived a need for care. Lower treatment levels were found for lower income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Low levels of service use and a high proportion of those receiving services not meeting adequacy standards for anxiety disorders exist worldwide. Results suggest the need for improving recognition of anxiety disorders and the quality of treatment.
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The record
- Venue
- Depression and Anxiety
- Topic
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Field
- Psychology
- Canadian institutions
- —
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug AbuseNational Institute of Mental HealthConsejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de MurciaInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIFundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaEuropean Research CouncilSeventh Framework ProgrammeSubstance Abuse and Mental Health Services AdministrationMedical Research CouncilMinisterio de SaludH. Lundbeck A/SFundação ChampalimaudFakultet Medicinskih Nauka, Univerziteta U KragujevcuServierMinisterio de Ciencia y TecnologíaMinistry of Health, British ColumbiaU.S. Public Health ServiceJohn D. and Catherine T. MacArthur FoundationEli Lilly and CompanyMinistry of Public HealthMinistry of Health, Labour and WelfareJohn W. Alden TrustUniversidade de LisboaNational Insurance Institute of IsraelFogarty International CenterBundesministerium für GesundheitGlaxoSmithKline foundationPfizer FoundationAstraZenecaFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloNational Institute for Health and Care ResearchPan American Health OrganizationNovartisEuropean CommissionWorld Health OrganizationGlaxoSmithKlineBristol-Myers SquibbPfizerRobert Wood Johnson Foundation
- Keywords
- AnxietyMental healthPsychiatryPsychologyGlobal mental healthClinical psychology
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes