Improvement of self-reported functional scores and thickening of quadriceps and femoral intercondylar cartilage under ultrasonography after single intra-articular injection of a novel cross-linked hyaluronic acid in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Most studies used hyaluronic acid (HA) requiring 3-5 intra-articular injections (IAJ) for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the efficacy of a single IAJ of a novel HA by measuring the thickness of quadriceps and femoral intercondylar cartilage (FIC) under ultrasonography (US) in addition to subjective self-reported measures. METHODS: Forty-nine patients with KOA (Kellgren-Lawrence grades 2-3) received unilateral IAJ of HYAJOINT Plus to the worse knee and were assessed at baseline and 1, 3 and 6-months after IAJ. Outcome measures were the (1) Visual Analog Scale for pain (VAS), (2) Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), (3) Lequesne's Index, (4) single-leg-stance duration (5) thigh circumference, and (6) thickness of quadriceps and FIC under US. RESULTS: Forty-six patients completed the 6-month-follow-up study. All outcome measures improved significantly after HA injection (p< 0.001). Both VAS and WOMAC-pain subscale scores improved significantly at 1, 3, and 6 months (p< 0.01). The US thickness of the quadriceps and FIC improved significantly at both 3 and 6 months (p< 0.05). The Lequesne's index, single-leg-stance and thigh circumference improved significantly at 6 months (p< 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: HYAJOINT Plus is effective both subjectively and objectively for 6 months and is safe as a treatment for KOA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".