The role of rationality in motivating participation in social movements: The case of anti-Japanese demonstrations in China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study proposes a theoretical model that integrates the rational approach with the structural and cultural approaches to explain motivations for participation in social movements. In this integrative model, rational perceptions about the benefits and costs of participation have both mediation and interaction relations with structural and cultural motivators. First, rational perceptions mediate the motivating effects of interpersonal ties to prior participants and collective identity. Interpersonal ties and collective identity construct individuals’ perceived benefits and costs, which in turn affect their participation motivations. Second, perceived benefits and costs also interact with interpersonal ties and collective identity in affecting participation motivations. Interpersonal ties and collective identity may affect how sensitive the individual is to the formed rational perceptions. Especially, interpersonal ties weaken the motivating effect of perceived benefits. We apply this model to the case of China’s recent nationwide anti-Japanese demonstrations. Using original data from a large-scale survey on 1458 university students in Beijing, we find this integrative model effective in explaining university students’ motivations to participate in future anti-Japanese demonstrations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".