Arbitrary control of the polarization state and intensity of non-diffracting beams along their propagation direction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate a class of non-diffracting beams with state of polarization (SoP) and intensity that can both be controlled along the propagation direction. The beams are composed of a superposition of equal frequency co-propagating Bessel beams (BBs) with different transverse and longitudinal wavenumbers. The BBs are weighted by suitable complex coefficients derived from closed-form analytic expressions. The desired polarization states (i.e., linear, radial, azimuthal and elliptical) are each independently encoded onto a set of BBs with the suitable polarizations. For experimental generation, the resulting field is decomposed into two orthogonal polarizations (horizontal and vertical). Via constructive (and destructive) interference of BBs, specific SoPs can be designed to switch on (and off) during propagation. This effectively alters the resultant SoP and intensity of the beam throughout propagation. We envision our proposed method to be of great interest in many applications, such as optical tweezers, atom guiding, material processing, microscopy, and optical communications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".