HIV Status and Use of Contraceptives Among Women of Reproductive Age Group Attending the State Specialist Hospital Akure, 2017: A Comparative Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Globally, in 2015 there were about 17.8 million women living with HIV (WLHA) and about 80% were in their reproductive age and lived in sub-Saharan Africa. WLHA are advised to limit family size and have access to the use of safe and effective contraceptive methods. Objective: We investigated the association between HIV status and contraceptive use. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional comparative study in which we systematically sampled 500 HIV-positive and 500 HIV-negative women of reproductive age group at the Anti-retroviral and General outpatient clinics of the State Specialist Hospital, Akure. We collected data using interviewer-administered questionnaire. We calculated proportions, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We conducted multiple logistic regression with level of significance of 5%. Results: A total 469 (93.8%) WLHA and 465 (93%) HIV-negative women responded. Most of the WLHA (192, 40.8%) were in the age-group 35-44 years while most of the HIV-negative women (226, 48.7%) were in the age-group 25-34 years (P<0.001). Of the 363 (77.4%) WLHA at risk of getting pregnant, 224 (61.7%) were on contraception. Of the 241 (51.8%) HIV-negative women at risk of getting pregnant, 148 (67.2%) were on contraception. While 365 (77.8%) of WLHA used condoms, only 110 (30.1%) used it consistently and while 232 (49.9%) of HIV-negative women used condoms only 39 (16.6%) used them consistently (P=0.008). Though WLHA were 1.61 (CI: 1.24-2.08) times more likely to use any form of contraception than HIV-negative women and 3.53 (CI: 2.65-4.68) times more likely to use condoms than HIV-negative women. HIV status was not a predictor of current contraceptive use (AOR-1.33, CI: 0.68-2.60). The unmet need for contraception among WLHA was 17.1% and 14.8% among negative women (P=0.700). Conclusions: The contraceptive prevalence and condom use was low regardless of HIV status. There is need to intensify on interventions that increase contraceptive use among women with particular attention to WLHA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".