Myocardial fibrosis evaluated by diffusion‐weighted imaging and its relationship to 3D contractile function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) is sensitive to myocardial fibrosis in ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy. Purpose To explore the prognostic value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for detecting myocardial fibrosis and its relationship to the contractile function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Study Type Prospective. Population A total of 45 HCM patients and 20 controls. Field Strength/Sequence 3.0T cardiac MRI. The cardiac MR sequences included cine, T 1 mapping, and DWI. Assessment According to the presence of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and the extracellular volume (ECV) values (+2 SD of control subjects), respectively, reader W and reader J assessed the value of ADC of each segment for detecting myocardial fibrosis and its relationship to impaired contractile function in HCM patients. Statistical Tests Independent sample t ‐test, Pearson analysis, and intraclass correlation (ICC). Results The value of ECV was 23.6 ± 3.0% for control. ECV ≥ 29.6% and ECV < 29.6% groups were classified. ADC values in the ECV ≥ 29.6% group were significantly increased compared to the ECV < 29.6% group, (2.41 ± 0.23 μm 2 /ms vs. 2.03 ± 0.16 μm 2 /ms, P < 0.005). Compared to the LGE – group, ECV (32.1 ± 2.3% vs. 29.0 ± 2.8%, P < 0.005) and ADC (2.60 ± 0.18 μm 2 /ms vs. 2.10 ± 0.07 μm 2 /ms, P < 0.005) values were significantly increased in the LGE + group. ADC values were linearly associated with ECV values (R 2 = 0.65) in HCM patients. ADC values were linearly associated with circumferential and longitudinal strain (R 2 = 0.60, R 2 = 0.46), as well as circumferential, longitudinal, and radial strain rate (R 2 = 0.13, R 2 = 0.25, R 2 = 0.17, respectively). Data Conclusion Contractile dysfunction in HCM is predominantly associated with ADC, which is a feasible alternative to ECV and LGE for detecting myocardial fibrosis. Level of Evidence: 1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:1139–1146.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".