The effects of resistance exercise on insulin sensitivity in adolescents
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: An escalating incidence of type 2 diabetes among adolescents is causing concern. This is thought to be sparked by rising population-wide prevalence of insulin resistance. Resistance exercise has been shown to reduce insulin resistance, however only immediate, post-intervention effects have been demonstrated. The use of resistance exercise by adolescents in managing insulin resistance in the long-term has not been evaluated. Purpose: To assess the effects, up to six months, of a physiotherapist-supervised, resistance exercise program on insulin sensitivity, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, physical activity levels, and anthropometric measures among adolescents with insulin resistance. Methods: Participants with insulin resistance were recruited from a database of patients from a pediatric chronic disease prevention program. They completed a supervised 10-week resistance exercise program, 60-minutes, three times per week. A body positive approach was used focusing on health behaviours. Using a repeated-measures design, participants were assessed during an observational run-in control period then at pre, post, and 6-month follow-up assessments. The primary outcome was insulin sensitivity, measured by the oral glucose tolerance test. Secondary outcomes included cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, physical activity level, and anthropometric measures. Results: Thirteen participants (14.16±1.19 years old; 8 males, 5 females) completed the intervention. Improvements in insulin sensitivity were found, observed as reduced fasting insulin [F(₂,₂₂)=7.54,p=0.003,ηp²=0.41], fasting glucose [F(₂,₂₂)=3.58,p=0.045,ηp²=0.25], and HOMA-IR [F(₂,₂₂)=7.60,p=0.003,ηp²=0.41], which were maintained at follow-up. Cardiorespiratory fitness, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio also significantly improved at post and follow-up. Daily physical activity levels improved but not significantly. Upper and lower body muscle strength significantly increased post-intervention but returned to pre-assessment values at follow-up. Conclusion: The findings suggest that a supervised 10-week resistance exercise program (60-minute, three times per week) improves insulin sensitivity, cardiorespiratory fitness, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio in adolescents who are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Importantly, these benefits are maintained up to six months. Supervised, resistance exercise adds significant long-term benefit in the management of insulin resistance in adolescents.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".