An investigation on dissolutive wetting of porous urea surface
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Dissolutive spreading over a porous surface is a phenomenon involving spreading, penetration, as well as dissolution. Droplet spreading forms the basis of numerous industrial operations including the spray coating of urea fertilizer to produce slow release urea. The slow release characteristics of urea highly depend on the coating uniformity that can be achieved by sound knowledge of droplet spreading behaviour over the urea surface. Since numerous waterborne coating materials are being studied presently, dissolutive wetting of the urea surface has been investigated in the current work. Response surface methodology has been utilized to study the interactive effects of process parameters on the dissolutive wetting of an aqueous glycerin solution on a porous urea surface. The effect of impact velocity, surface porosity, and urea solubility has been investigated on three response objectives namely contact angle, spreading factor, and normalized residual drop volume. The results have been compared with an earlier work performed under similar conditions for non‐dissolutive wetting. The comparison reveals that dissolutive wetting shows lesser optimum contact angle (81 %) and greater optimum spreading factor (21 %) as compared to non‐dissolutive wetting.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".