Efficacy of Cry1Ac protein against gypsy moth and fall webworm in transgenic poplar (<i>Populus davidiana</i> × <i>Populus bolleana</i>) by bioassay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A modified Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cry1Ac gene was introduced into poplar ‘Shanxin’ (Populus davidiana × Populus bolleana) by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Seventeen cry1Ac transgenic lines were regenerated. The integration and expression of the cry1Ac gene in these transgenic lines were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse-transcription quantitative PCR, respectively. Variable amounts of cry1Ac mRNA accumulated in different transgenic plants. The expression of Cry1Ac toxin protein in transgenic plants was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the concentration ranged from 0.12 to 21.00 μg g −1 . The concentration of Cry1Ac protein was highly consistent with mRNA amount in each transgenic line. Leaf section bioassays were conducted using the larvae of both gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) and fall webworm (Hyphantria cunea). Those plants, except lines 10 and 11, caused rapid mortality of all gypsy moth and fall webworm larvae with almost no defoliation, while lines 10 and 11, with Cry1Ac protein concentrations of 0.12 and 0.76 μg g −1 , respectively, provided relatively weak insect protection. Results of insect bioassays indicate that Cry1Ac protein expression over 1.3 μg g −1 consistently produced high insect mortality for both species of moths. The correlation between concentration of Cry1Ac protein and insect mortality is important to understand for managing insect pests with transgenic plants. Transgenic poplars with high insect resistance will be useful tools for managing Lepidoptera pests of these trees.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".