A New Way of Compositional Simulation Without Phase Labeling
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Current relative permeability models rely on phase labeling, and cannot accurately capture the effect of compositional variations on relative permeabilities and capillary pressures in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes. Discontinuities in flux calculations not only cause serious convergence and stability, but also affects the estimated recovery factor. We developed a fully compositional simulation model using an equation of state (EoS) for relative permeabilities to eliminate the unphysical discontinuities in flux functions caused by phase labeling. In addition, we extended our relative permeability EoS to three phases. The model can capture complex hysteresis effects on three-phase relative permeability. The tuned model is used for simulation of multi-cycle WAG injection. The approach allows for a new search scheme to improve initial estimates for flash calculation. The results show increased robustness of high-resolution compositional simulation for both front calculations (recovery estimates) and convergence of flash algorithms. This paper provides a novel way forward to develop a fully compositional reservoir simulation based solely on continuous and robust equation-of-state relative permeabilities. In addition, this paper provides a detailed analysis of the effects of discontinuous phase labeling on simulation performance and accuracy for 1-D and 2-D water-alternating-gas flooding and three-hydrocarbon-phase flow. The results demonstrate the significant benefits of using an EoS for relative permeabilities.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it