Pore Embryos in Porous/Compact/Porous Anodic Alumina by Three-Step Anodization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In order to study the formation process of the pore embryos in porous anodic alumina (PAA) and compact aluminum oxide (CAO), a new three-tier structure (PAA-CAO-PAA) was designed and fabricated in 3 wt% H 2 C 2 O 4 and 8 wt% ammonium sebacate aqueous solutions. By exactly controlling the time of the third anodization in 3 wt% H 2 C 2 O 4 solution, the formation process of the pore embryos is explicitly seen for the first time. The hemispherical pore bottom and hemispherical barrier-oxide base generated in the first anodization. After the second anodization, two hemispherical structures disappear and two interfaces become flat. When the third anodization finished under given voltage and anodizing time, the hemispherical structures reappear. A bigger hemispherical barrier-oxide base and spiny oxide formed in the third anodization. Besides, the newly formed pore embryos are not connected with the above pores and the channels cannot be observed in the compact oxide layer. All these facts cannot be explained by the traditional field-assisted dissolution model. Based on the oxide flow model and the electronic current theory, the formation process of pore embryos under the compact layer can be elucidated by the oxygen bubble mould effect.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".