Biosorptive removal of cobalt from aqueous solution by using native and thiourea modified Pennisetum glaucum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigative research is to find the acceptable solution for the removal of Co(II) by using native and modified Pennisetum glaucum. Comparison of biosorption parameters for native and modified material confirmed the promising efficiency of modified material due to active functionalities and exposed surface area. Physiological characteristics were observed by SEM, EDX and FT-IR analysis. Biosorption batch process was performed as function of biosorbent dose, contact time, initial Co(II) ion concentration, solution temperature and pH. Experimental data was investigated by known isothermal models. The Langmuir isotherm fitted well and the RMSE value was calculated using the non-linear approach. Kinetic studies followed the pseudo-second order and thermodynamic parameters ensured the appreciable biosorption behavior of thiourea modified Pennisetum glaucum.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".