Evaluation of the Effect of Telmisartan on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Gentamicin (Gen) is widely used against serious infections, but its therapeutic use is limited due to its nephrotoxicity which causes acute renal failure.We aimed to evaluate the potential protective effect of highly selective angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker Telmisartan (Tel) on the renal damage generated by Gentamicin in rats.36 Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (6 rats each): Naive, Tel group (10 mg/kg/day orally for 7 days), control (1 ml/day 0.9% NaCl intraperitoneally i.p. for 7 days), Gen group (100 mg/kg/day i.p for 7 days), Gen + Tel 5 mg/kg/day concurrently for 7 days, Gen + Tel 10 mg/kg/day concurrently for 7 days.Concentrations of serum urea, serum creatinine, and renal reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were evaluated after treatment.Gen was observed to cause a severe nephrotoxicity, which was evidenced by an elevation of serum urea and creatinine levels which weren’t altered by simultaneous treatment with Tel. The oxidative stress caused by Gen demonstrated by a decrease in renal GSH level was significantly attenuated by Telmisartan (the higher dose).Conclusion: This study proves the nephrotoxicity caused by Gentamicin, and suggests that concurrent treatment with Telmisartan ameliorate oxidative stress induced by gentamicin without changes to serum urea and creatinine.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".