0009 A Comparison of the Effects of Gaboxadol and Sleep Restriction on Sleep Depth Assessed by the Odds-Ratio-Product
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Several studies have shown dose-related increases in SWS and low frequency EEG power and reduced wake time and awakenings with gaboxadol (GBX). These changes are similar to those seen with sleep loss, suggesting that GBX may enhance sleep depth. Odds-Ratio-Product (ORP) is a unit-less continuous measure of the relative power in four EEG frequency bands, with values ranging from 0 (deep sleep) to 2.5 (full wakefulness). Excellent correlation was reported between current ORP and probability of arousal in the next 30 seconds (r2=0.98), suggesting that ORP is related to sleep depth. We evaluated the effects of sleep restriction (SR) alone or with GBX on sleep depth using ORP. Forty-one subjects underwent two baseline PSGs followed by four SR nights (5h) with either placebo (21 subjects) or 15 mg GBX (20 subjects). We compared the change from baseline night 2 (first 5h) to SR night 1 and SR night 4 using two measures: ORP during TST and arousal index. During the first SR night, ORP and arousal index did not change with SR alone (-0.01 ± 0.09 and 0.2 ± 3.0/h for ORP and arousal index, respectively; P>.6 for both), but decreased significantly with GBX (-0.11 ± 0.09 and -3.7 ± 5.2/h; P<0.01 for both). These changes were comparable to those observed after four nights of SR alone (-0.07 ± 0.15 and -3.1 ± 3.8/h). The difference in ORP change scores between GBX and SR remained stable across the four SR nights. Importantly, change in ORP was significantly correlated with change in arousal index during the first GBX night (n=20, r=0.50; P<0.02) and when data were pooled across nights and groups (n=82, r=0.46; P<0.001). A single 15 mg dose of GBX reduces ORP and arousal index to the same extent as four nights of SR alone. Augmentation of sleep depth by GBX remains stable across four nights of SR. The correlation between changes in ORP and in arousal index further supports the use of ORP as a continuous measure of sleep depth. Support (If Any):
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".