Using Accelerometric and Gyroscopic Data to Improve Blood Pressure Prediction from Pulse Transit Time Using Recurrent Neural Network
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We propose a method for estimating blood pressure (BP) non-invasively from electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals. This method has potential to be used as a continuous form of BP estimation. Along with these signals, to our knowledge, for the first time in the BP measurement studies, we included accelerometric and gyroscopic signals from a wearable device to compensate for motion during continuous BP prediction. Our prediction model is a long-short-term-memory (LSTM) architecture of a recurrent neural network (RNN), which accommodates the multiscale temporal dependency between the sequential raw signal values and the corresponding systolic and diastolic BP values. We performed a study with 50 healthy volunteers. The mean difference ± standard deviation (SD) of the RNN-based approach were 0.02±4.8 for SBP and 1.5±3.7 for DBP in seated position & 2.6±6.0 for SBP and 2.7±4.5 for DBP while walking. These values meet current validation standard requirements for measurement accuracy. Our experiments also demonstrate that the proposed RNN-based approach outperformed the classical linear regression model for BP prediction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".