MECHATRONICS DESIGN OF AN X-BY-WIRE PROTOTYPE OF AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The concept of electric vehicle as a fully automated mobile robot – a.k.a. X-by-Wire, or Drive-by-Wire (DbW) concepts – is becoming more and more attractive in the modern automotive industry. This idea is based on replacing a mechanical subsystem by its electronic equivalent, which includes sensors and actuators, with a computer in-between. Three of the components, namely Throttle-by-Wire, Brake-by-Wire, and Steer-by-Wire, are the most complex and risky elements of the X-by-Wire technology. Moreover, these elements constitute the inherent part of the general DbW paradigm. This paper reports work-in-progress on the design and prototyping of a scaled-down 1 : 6 proof-of-concept model of a commercial vehicle with an integrated X-by-Wire system. The control for its components is discussed, while emphasizing the Steer-by-Wire actuator based on the Ackermann condition. The influence of heading velocity and turning angle on the slipping angle and path error of the model is discussed. The performance of the dynamics of the prototype is assessed over prescribed paths; deviations from the no-slip condition are evaluated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".