6.3-O3The influence of neocolonialism, gender and social class in Latin American migrant women’s working conditions in Spain
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The oppressive dynamics created by European colonialism contribute to precarious work, in which migrant workers are disproportionately employed in Spain. Poor quality of life and physical and mental suffering are prevalent in this group, but data about their situation is limited. The aim of this study was to explore how neo-colonial relations influence Latin American migrant women’s working conditions in Spain. Methods: Multi-site secondary data analysis was based on data from four studies conducted between 2011 and 2015 in Spain. The transcripts of 95 individual interviews with Latina immigrant women were analysed initially by all researchers and later systematised by three of them using thematic analysis. The participants were from ten Latin American countries, aged 25-52 years old who had been living in Spain for more than two years. Results: The jobs available for Latina women were mainly as servants (cleaners, full time caregivers, nannies, waitresses, sex workers, etc), frequently including abusive working conditions related to ethnic discrimination, humiliation and gender stereotypes, such as expectations of submissive behaviour or hypersexualisation. Associated with fractures in their family relations due to migration, these conditions had detrimental psycho-social health consequences. Conclusions: Latin American immigrant women are a group vulnerable to exploitation and abuse in Spain, in particular in the case of undocumented migrants who are usually employed in the informal market. Improving their employment conditions, promoting positive working environments and raising awareness about current experiences of neo-colonialism in Spain can potentially improve Latin American women’s health and quality of life. Main messages: The jobs available for Latin American women in Spain are constituted by neo-colonial and patriarchal processes, which shape interpersonal relations and identities, and cause dehumanisation, suffering, and health inequities for this group. Latin American workers are colonised through employment relations as servants and as immigrant women in Spain.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".