Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica: A Systematic Review [33E]
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) is an antibody-mediated disorder characterized by recurrent myelitis and optic neuritis. Our objective was to systematically review pregnancy outcomes in women with NMO to aid counselling and management. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PubMed from 1946 until August 2016 for relevant articles. Article selection, data extraction and quality assessment (QA), using the Joanna Briggs QA tool, were performed in duplicate. Outcomes were reported as proportions. RESULTS: We identified 2096 studies and included 22 studies describing 146 pregnancies in 112 women with NMO. QA scores for case reports and series were 7/8 and 5/10 respectively. The mean maternal age was 30±4 years and diagnosis-to-pregnancy interval was 6±4 years. De novo symptoms developed in 37%. Maternal outcomes included one postpartum death, one haemorrhagic stroke, one case of respiratory paralysis and 27 relapses, most of which involved myelitis (16) and optic neuritis (6). Relapses were treated with high-dose corticosteroids (20), plasmapheresis (15), immunosuppressants (11) and intravenous immunoglobulin (6), resulting in complete (12) or partial (10) recovery in most. In two cases symptoms worsened despite treatment, requiring emergency caesarean delivery. There were 121 (83%) livebirths, 115 (95%) of which were >37 weeks, 18 pregnancy terminations, five miscarriages, two stillbirths and no adverse outcomes on postnatal follow up (average 9 months). CONCLUSION: NMO is often diagnosed in pregnancy. Although women with NMO are at risk for relapses requiring aggressive management with high-dose corticosteroids, plasma exchange and immunosuppressants, retrospective data suggest that maternal and perinatal outcomes are comparable to the general population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.032 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.008 | 0.011 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".