A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR METHYL BROMIDE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many international conventions have been celebrated recently in an attempt to avoid or reduce the problems arising from advances in science and technology. In this context, in order to protect the environment, emerged the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (1985) and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (1987), which provide control mechanisms for the production and consumption, for example, of methyl bromide, one of the most aggressive substances for the ozone layer in the world. However, article 2H, paragraph 6, of the Montreal Protocol brings exemptions for the abovementioned gas, which can be freely used for the exclusively purpose of quarantine and pre-shipment of goods for import and export in the international market. Nevertheless, through the Joint Instruction (Instrução Normativa Conjunta – INC) SDA/ANVISA/IBAMA nº 01/2002, Brazil edited rules more severe than the prohibitions prescribed by the Montreal Protocol and banned any use of methyl bromide after 31/12/2015, including the phytosanitary treatment. Considering the potential costs of this restriction for the public health and the Brazilian economy, recently it has been edited the Joint Instruction (Instrução Normativa Conjunta – INC) SDA/ANVISA/IBAMA nº 02/2015 simply to abrogate the previous norm for the sake of the referred exemptions. Thus, there is no violation of any international obligation assumed by Brazil.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.011 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.015 | 0.012 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".