Natural mating disruption in a protogynous bagworm (Lepidoptera: Psychidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
1. The occurrence of natural mating disruption is investigated in the bagworm Metisa plana Walker (Lepidoptera: Psychidae). Neotenic females reproduce within a self‐constructed bag made of silk and plant material, and attract males for copulation by discharging pheromone‐impregnated setae into the lower section of their bag (early life pulsed release). Because pheromone release is, in part, out of the female's control, passive pheromone sources emanating from bags of post‐reproductive (dead) females may compete with live pheromone‐calling females. 2. Data collected in a plantation of oil palm during five consecutive generations of bagworms indicate that mating probabilities decline with increasing number of conspecific females per palm, reminiscent of natural mating disruption due to false trail following. Low mating success of late‐emerging females further suggests that protogyny evolved to reduce late‐season mating disruption due to incremental accumulation of passive sources of pheromone over time. 3. Natural mating disruption may be linked with life‐history syndromes of female flightlessness in forest habitats: sedentary reproduction of highly fecund females on perennial hosts, combined with restricted dispersal of larval progeny that remain on their maternal host plant and travel short distances while ballooning, may lead to rapid build‐up of local populations beyond levels where mating interference among females is possible.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".