The Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise On Primary Motor Cortical Excitability in Healthy Older Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Age-related motor deficits are associated with a decreased ability to modulate primary motor cortex (M1) excitatory and inhibitory circuits. In young healthy adults, an acute bout of lower-limb aerobic exercise modulates upper-limb corticospinal excitability and intracortical circuitry. Importantly, these changes are associated with improved performance on skilled upper-limb motor tasks. However whether these effects extend to healthy older adults is not known. PURPOSE: To determine whether an acute bout of lower-limb aerobic exercise alters corticospinal and intracortical excitability using single and paired pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the extensor carpi radialis muscles in healthy older adults. METHODS: Corticospinal excitability, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF) were assessed in 16 healthy older adults (10 female, aged 65.3 ± 6.4 years) at two time-points prior to (30 minutes pre- and immediately pre-exercise) and two time-points following an exercise bout (immediately and 30 minutes post-exercise) to evaluate the time course of cortical excitability modulation. The exercise bout consisted of 20 minutes of continuous cycling at moderate-intensity (50% peak power output (watts) from a maximal stress test performed in a pre-experimental session). RESULTS: Due to no significant difference between baseline time-points, the two pre-exercise time-points were collapsed to provide an average baseline value for all measures. To control for baseline fitness levels (VO2peak), a one-way repeated measures ANCOVA revealed an increase in SICI by 12 ± 7% immediately after and by 11 ± 9% 30 minutes post-exercise compared to baseline levels (F(2,14)=3.829, p=.034). There was no effect of exercise on any of the other measures. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to show that primary motor cortical inhibitory circuits may be modulated by a single bout of aerobic exercise in healthy older individuals. These findings imply that short bouts of moderate intensity exercise promote motor cortical plasticity in healthy older people.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".