Unmet Needs of Homeless at a Shelter in an Area Undergoing Urbanization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Homelessness persists as a reality for many. Homeless individuals in smaller cities may face unique challenges. Objective This study aims to describe the current situation of the homeless at a shelter in a small city with rural surroundings to inform program development and resource allocation. Methods A cross-sectional, orally-conducted survey assessed demographics, service utilization and health status of a convenience sample of individuals using the services of a homeless shelter in Albany, Oregon. IRB approval was obtained (exempt status). Results A total of 37 individuals participated in this survey. Of those surveyed, 43% reported being homeless a year or longer, only 9% reported current employment, and 46% reported a past felony conviction. Despite 65% reporting a mental health diagnosis, only 33% of those diagnosed reported medication use. Considering general health, 59% report chronic pain and 19% report history of seizures. Many of those surveyed reported having health insurance (75%) and visiting a healthcare provider within the last year (78%) and within the last month (43%). Conclusions Despite having some access to healthcare, attention to both physical and mental health problems is lacking. Furthermore, unemployment and long-term homelessness remain problems. Keywords: homeless; rural; urbanization; health; unemployment 1.0 _______________________________________________ Besoins Non-Satisfaits de Sans-Abris dans un Refuge d'une Région en Cours d'Urbanisation Résumé Contexte L'itinérance persiste, telle une réalité, pour de nombreuses personnes. Les sans-abris des petites villes font face à des défis uniques. Objectifs Cette étude a pour but de décrire la situation actuelle d'un sans-abri, dans un refuge d'une petite ville, dans un milieu rural, pour informer le développement de programmes et l'allocation de ressources. Méthodes Un sondage transversal a été utilisé pour évaluer les données démographiques, l'utilisation des services et l'état de santé d'un échantillon de convenance d'individus utilisant les services d'un refuge en Albany, en Oregon. L'approbation 'IRB' fut obtenu. (statut exonéré). Résultats Un total de 37 individus ont participé à cette enquête. De ces personnes sondées, 43% ont rapporté être sans-abri depuis un an ou plus, seulement 9% ont rapporté avoir un emploi actuel et, 46% ont rapporté une condamnation passée pour délit. Malgré le fait que 65% mentionnent un diagnostic de santé mentale, seulement 33% de ces personnes diagnostiquées ont rapporté utiliser des médicaments. Considérant l'état de santé général, 59% des personnes rapportent une douleur chronique et 19% rapportent des antécédents de convulsions. Beaucoup de ces personnes sondées ont rapporté avoir une assurance santé (75%) et être allées chez un prestataire de soins dans l'année (78%) ou dans le mois précédent (43%). Conclusions Malgré un certain accès à la santé, il y a un manque d'attention aux problèmes physiques et mentaux. De plus, le chômage et l'itinérance à long-terme demeurent des problèmes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".