Floe Size Effect on Wave‐Ice Interactions: Possible Effects, Implementation in Wave Model, and Evaluation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Wind waves may play an important role in the evolution of sea ice. That role is largely determined by how fast the ice layer dissipates the wave energy. The transition from a continuous layer of ice to a series of broken floes is expected to have a strong impact on the several attenuation processes. Here we explore the possible effects of basal friction, scattering, and dissipation within the ice layer. The ice is treated as a single layer that can be fractured in many floes. Dissipation associated with ice flexure is evaluated using an anelastic linear dissipation and a cubic inelastic viscous dissipation. Tests aiming to reproduce a Marginal Ice Zone are used to discuss the effects of each process separately. Attenuation is exponential for friction and scattering. Scattering produces an increase in the wave height near the ice edge and broadens the wave directional spectrum, especially for short‐period waves. The nonlinear inelastic dissipation is larger for larger wave heights as long as the ice is not broken. These effects are combined in a realistic simulation of an ice break‐up event observed south of Svalbard in 2010. The recorded rapid shift from a strong attenuation to little attenuation when the ice is broken is only reproduced when using a nonlinear dissipation that vanishes when the ice is broken. A preliminary pan‐Arctic test of these different parameterizations suggests that inelastic dissipation alone is not enough and requires its combination with basal friction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".