Fédéralisme Coopératif et Droits Linguistiques AU Canada: Peut-On « Contractualiser » Le Droit des Minorités? (Cooperative Federalism and Linguistic Rights in Canada: Can We 'Contractualize' Minority Rights?)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
French Abstract: Peut-on reellement contractualiser les droits linguistiques ? Cette question en appelle, en filigrane, deux autres, plus precises : « peut-on bonifier les droits par la voie contractuelle ? », et de maniere plus cruciale, sans doute, « peut-on porter atteinte a ces droits par voie contractuelle ? » Le present chapitre aborde ces questions, en procedant en trois temps. Une premiere partie survole les sources de droits linguistiques au Canada et trace un portrait de la pratique des ententes intergouvernementales relatives aux droits linguistiques. Une seconde partie analyse le role que remplissent ces ententes dans la « bonification » ou la concretisation des droits linguistiques. Enfin, une troisieme explore le risque que les gouvernements puissent, par le truchement d’ententes intergouvernementales, reduire les droits linguistiques, soit deliberement, soit « par inadvertance ». La conclusion soulignera la necessite d’une vigilance constante des groupes de defense des droits et des minorites linguistiques face aux effets souvent imprevus (mais sans doute previsibles) des mecanismes cooperatifs echafaudes par les gouvernements. English Abstract: rights (linguistic or otherwise) be “contractualised”? This question leads to two other, more specific, ones: Can language rights be improved by contract?” and, perhaps more crucially, can these rights be abridged by contract? This paper proceeds to tackle these issues in three parts. The first looks at sources of linguistic rights in Canada and provides a portrait of the practice of intergovernmental agreements related to the implementation of these rights. A second part analyzes the role that these agreements play in “improving” linguistic rights. Finally, the third part explores the risk that governments may, through intergovernmental cooperation, limit the scope of linguistic protection, either deliberately or inadvertently. The conclusion underscores the need for continued vigilance by advocacy groups and linguistic minorities over the often unforeseen (but probably predictable) effects of cooperative mechanisms developed by governments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".