White seed color in common bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>) results from convergent evolution in the <i>P</i> (<i>pigment</i>) gene
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The presence of seed color in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) requires the dominant-acting P (pigment) gene, and white seed is a recessive phenotype in all domesticated races of the species. P was classically associated with seed size, thus describing it as the first genetic marker for a quantitative trait. The molecular structure of P was characterized to understand the selection of white seeds during bean diversification and the relationship of P to seed weight. P was identified by homology searches, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and gene remodeling, and confirmed by gene silencing. Allelic variation was assessed by a combination of resequencing and marker development, and the relationship between P and seed weight was assessed by a GWAS study. P is a member of clade B of subclass IIIf of plant basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins. Ten race-specific P alleles conditioned the white seed phenotype, and each causative mutation affected at least one bHLH domain required for color expression. GWAS analysis confirmed the classic association of P with seed weight. In common bean, white seeds are the result of convergent evolution and, among plant species, orthologous convergence on a single transcription factor gene was observed.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it