Fourier transform infrared and electron spin resonance examinations of kerogen from the gunflint stromatolitic cherts (Middle Precambrian, Ontario, Canada) and related materials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Kerogen occurrences in stromatolitic cherts from the Middle Precambrian Gunflint Formation and related rocks have been investigated by the use of elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared and electron spin resonance spectroscopies. Particular attention was paid to the structural properties of the Schreiber kerogen to allow comparison with biologically controlled kerogens from Paleozoic carbonaceous rocks. The low atomic H/C ratios (0.5) of the Schreiber kerogen indicates that this material has reached a high level of maturity. The Fourier transform infrared/electron spin resonance examinations revealed that the Schreiber kerogen contains predominantly aromatic/polyaromatic structures similar to those found in mature kerogens from Paleozoic carbonaceous rocks. The evidence from this organogeochemical comparison indicates that the Schreiber kerogen and mature kerogens from Paleozoic/Mesozoic carbonaceous rocks have sufficient similarity to suggest a similar origin. Consequently, this work gives strong support to the hypothesis that if the Schreiber kerogen is of biotic origin than it is derived from the remnants of various microbial organisms (mainly phytoplanktons) including a minor contribution of subtidal (stromatolite-building) cyanobacteria.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".