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Record W2809129839 · doi:10.24908/iqurcp.11528

Women in North American Sports: Why Are Young Girls Dropping Out?

2018· article· en· W2809129839 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Sarah Cvetkovski

Bibliographic record

VenueInquiry Queen s Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings · 2018
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicSports, Gender, and Society
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsFemininityAthletesPeer pressureGender studiesLesbianMasculinityPsychologySocial psychologySociologyMedicine

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

By the age of fourteen, young girls are dropping out of sports at two times the rate of boys. Society has worked towards changing this statistic by including women in the male dominated institution of organized sports, yet females are still faced with traditional stereotypes, ultimately limiting their physical expression. Women are expected not to demonstrate characteristics deemed as masculine, which often dissuades females from lifting weights, sweating, participating, and competing in sports as a whole. Although these standards have changed over the twentieth century, when the principle of femininity is brought up, women are expected to live up to their specific gender roles and face a significant wage gap. In 2015, the champions of the Women’s World Cup received $2 million while the men’s team pocketed $35 million for winning the previous year, a $33 million difference. Not to mention that the women’s team had more viewership on Fox for the same event. On top of this, society places a pressure upon its citizens to conform with the majority. The stigma in society that women participating in sport promotes homosexuality often associates female athletes as masculine, lesbian, or butch. These ignorant societal beliefs foster an unhealthy lifestyle for young girls throughout North America. While a different factor comes into play for each athlete, more often than not a tipping point is reached. Once the motivation behind these young girls dropping out of sports is universally understood, headway can be made towards ensuring women flourish in North American society.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.004
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.101
Threshold uncertainty score0.201

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.004
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.002
Science and technology studies0.0070.002
Scholarly communication0.0040.003
Open science0.0010.002
Research integrity0.0030.004
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0080.002

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.124
GPT teacher head0.388
Teacher spread0.264 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2018
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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