Cytomegalovirus infection and graft rejection as risk factors for pneumocystis pneumonia in solid organ transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A growing number of publications have reported the outbreaks of post‐transplant pneumocystis pneumonia ( PJP ). In most studies, the onset of PJP was beyond 6‐12 months of prophylaxis. Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection and allograft rejection have been repeatedly reported as probable risk factors for post‐transplant PJP . In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we determined the pooled effect estimates of these 2 variables as risk factors. Data sources included PUBMED, MEDLINE‐OVID, EMBASE‐OVID, Cochrane Library, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, World Health Organization, and Web of Science. We excluded publications related to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ( HSCT ) or Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ) patients. Eventually, 15 studies remained for the final stage of screening. Cytomegalovirus infection ( OR : 3.30, CI 95%: 2.07‐5.26, I 2 : 57%, P = 0.006) and allograft rejection ( OR :2.36, CI 95%: 1.54‐3.62, I2: 45.5%, P = 0.05) significantly increased the risk of post‐transplant PJP . Extended prophylaxis targeting recipients with allograft rejection or CMV infection may reduce the risk of PJP .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".