Managerial Competence within the Hospitality and Tourism Service Industries: Global Cultural Contextual Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Book Title: Managerial Competence within the Hospitality and Tourism Service Industries: Global Cultural Contextual Analysis. Author: Professor Dr John Saee, PhD Publisher's Name: Routledge Publishing, (Taylor & Francis Group) published in New York, London and Toronto in 2006 ISBN 0415385962 Overview In this research study, an investigation was made of the nature of intercultural managerial communication competence and its application within the service industry, in particular, the Australian hospitality and industries to managerial functions such as planning, workplace communication, recruitment/ promotion, induction, training, supervision, industrial relations, management of change, customer service, financial management and marketing. This is the first detailed study at a national level where current psychological and sociological theories of intercultural communication are critically examined and linked to an investigation of management of cultural diversity in a workplace in a particular service industry such as the Australian hospitality and industries in a multicultural Australian society. The reason why to conduct research in this particular service industry arises from the fact that the service industry represents a very significant economic sector in all industrial societies. Thus, its findings have global managerial implications. Meanwhile, Australian hospitality and industries represent a significantly high percentage of culturally diverse human resources. As well, the hospitality and industries represent a high degree of globalisation in terms of ownership and international clientele, as well as global trade (Noriander, 1990). As well, the hospitality and industries are becoming increasingly important to the Australian economy. According to Tourism Training Australia (1998), The hospitality and industries are fast becoming Australia 's predominant foreign exchange earner, generating considerable employment, wealth and prosperity for the nation as a whole. For example,There are more than 500,000 people employed by the and hospitality industry in Australia . Equally it is instructive to note that the revenue generated world-wide through the global and hospitality is phenomenal. The World Tourism Council (cited in Adam, 1998) indicates that tourism and hospitality global revenue stands at $4.7 trillion, and is expected to rise to over $9 trillion in 2006. The number of jobs in the industry will jump up by 50 per cent to 385 (Adam, 1998, p.30). Further, research by WTTC (2005) predicts that by 2014, Travel & Tourism could generate 10.9 per cent of Gross Domestic Product and some 260 million jobs, representing 8.6 per cent of total employment worldwide. Similarly, within the European continent, industry and other related activities, for example, represent 12% of the GDP and 20 millions jobs. The continuous growth of into the European Union has been enormous: 25 million international arrivals in 1950, 165 millions in 1970, 693 million in 2001 and 1,5 billion forecast for the year 2020 (Cabrini, 2002). From contemporary communication theories, implications were determined for managerial practices in a culturally diverse workplace and workforce. A profile was given of the Australian Hospitality and Tourism Industries and challenges of cultural diversity for managers were identified. Based upon the published literature on theories of intercultural communication and competence, eight research objectives and eight research questions were determined for investigation in the context of management in the Australian Hospitality and Tourism Industries. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".