First Evidence of Blue Catfish Natural Reproduction in Canton Reservoir, Oklahoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) is the largest member of Ictaluridae and is the second largest fish in Oklahoma. Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation (ODWC) has introduced Blue Catfish to many Oklahoma reservoirs due to their popularity among anglers. In 1983, Blue Catfish were stocked into Canton Reservoir in hopes of creating a self-staining population, but to date, no natural recruitment of Blue Catfish has been observed in Canton Reservoir. However, in 2016 seven juvenile Blue Catfish were collected in Canton Reservoir, Oklahoma. Fish were collected during electrofishing and experimental gill-net surveys. All of these fish were estimated to be age - 1 using the lapilli otoliths (one of the three pair of ear stones that comprise the inner ear of fish), suggesting that Blue Catfish successfully spawned in Canton Reservoir in 2015. Blue Catfish spawn in late spring to early summer in Oklahoma. Conditions during spring 2015 consisted of high flow events from the North Canadian River resulting in an increase of pool elevation in Canton Reservoir. Prior to the increase in pool elevation, Canton Reservoir was experiencing low water levels due to an extended drought (2012-2015). During this drought, herbaceous and woody vegetation established in the dry reservoir bottom, however when inundated during spring 2015, it provided habitat which may have been utilized for spawning by adult Blue Catfish and as nursery habitat by juveniles. Understanding environmental conditions that lead to successful spawn and year-class formation of Blue Catfish in Canton Reservoir will aid in future management decisions for this species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".