Genetic Diversity of <i>Potato virus Y</i> in Potato Production Areas in Northeast China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 2011–2014, ELISA or nucleic acid spot hybridization (NASH) testing for common potato viruses or Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) was performed on 500 leaf samples collected in potato fields in the northeast provinces Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia, China. The results revealed that 38.4% (Heilongjiang) and 27.7% (Inner Mongolia) were positive for Potato virus Y (PVY). To unveil the strain composition and population structure of PVY in the region, the multiplex RT-PCR described by Chikh-Ali et al. was performed on all of the ELISA-PVY-positive samples. Of the 158 samples whose PVY strain scenarios could be determined, PVY NTN-NW -SYR-II and PVY N-Wi were the most abundant strains, occurring in 58.9 and 47.5% samples, followed by PVY NTN-NW -SYR-I (31.0%), PVY N:O (19.6%), Eu-PVY NTN (7.6%), NA-PVY N (1.3%), and PVY O (0.6%). In the 84 single-strain-infected samples, PVY N-Wi accounted for 41.7%, PVY NTN-NW -SYR-II for 40.5%, PVY NTN-NW -SYR-I for 14.3%, and PVY N:O and Eu-PVY NTN for 3.6% each. Seven isolates representing PVY NTN-NW -SYR-I (HLJ-6-1 and HLJ-9-4), PVY NTN-NW -SYR-II (INM-W-369-12 and SC-1-1-2), PVY N:O (HLJ-30-2), and PVY N-Wi (HLJ-BDH-2 and HLJ-C-429) were sequenced and analyzed molecularly. Whereas the sequence identities for isolates belonging to the same strain group were >98.5%, they fell for isolates belonging to different strain groups to 92.7–98.1% at the genome level and 96.1–98.4% at the polyprotein level. Interestingly, the exact location of the recombination events varied among isolates within a strain group. Phylogenetic analysis of all 42 full length PVY sequences from China indicated that most clustered to various recombinant groups, despite the fact that the PVY isolates were isolated from at least five host species. Pathological analysis of four isolates representing PVY N:O , PVY N-Wi , PVY NTN-NW -SYR-I, and PVY NTN-NW -SYR-II revealed that the PVY NTN-NW -SYR-II isolate incited the most severe symptoms on potato cultivar Kexin 13, followed by PVY NTN-NW -SYR-I, PVY N:O and PVY N-Wi . The PVY NTN-NW -SYR-I and PVY NTN-NW -SYR-II isolates also caused necrotic ringspots on the tubers of Kexin 13, indicating their ability to induce the potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease in potato.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".