Abstract IA23: Variation in the immune cell infiltrate and expression of PD-L1 in sarcoma subtypes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the tumor microenvironment has been associated with clinical characteristics and prognosis in various cancers, although the role of TILs in sarcoma is unclear. Adult soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors that would benefit from the identification of new prognostic markers and novel therapeutic strategies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are specific subgroups of soft tissue sarcomas that contain TILs and/or express immune checkpoint proteins, and if so, the clinical importance. We performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) on sections from 99 tumors and found that certain soft tissue sarcomas such as leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma exhibit little or no immune infiltrate and immune checkpoint proteins. In contrast, a subset of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (UPS) and myxofibrosarcomas contain TILs and express PD-L1 and PD-1. Evaluation of expression of PD-L1 by IHC has been controversial; however, we observed a significant positive correlation comparing the levels of PD-L1 determined by IHC on tumor sections and RT-qPCR of mRNA from quick frozen primary tumors. We detected PD-L1 expression in a well-characterized group of osteosarcomas in addition to UPS and myxofibrosarcoma. We are now integrating data from RNA-sequencing and next-generation sequencing to investigate the molecular differences in tumors with and without PD-L1 expression. These studies suggest that there may be individuals with specific sarcomas who may be good candidates to benefit from immunotherapies targeting PD-L1/PD-1 based on their tumor characteristics. Citation Format: Irene L. Andrulis. Variation in the immune cell infiltrate and expression of PD-L1 in sarcoma subtypes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Conference on Advances in Sarcomas: From Basic Science to Clinical Translation; May 16-19, 2017; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2018;24(2_Suppl):Abstract nr IA23.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".