An Analysis on the Reading Habits of University Students Studying Physical Education and Sports Training
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this research is to analyze the reading habits of students studying physical education and sports trainingwith respect to certain variables. A total of 324 first-year students (125 females, 199 males) voluntarily participatedin the research from physical education and sports training departments of Sinop University, Kafkas University, andOndokuz Mays University. A questionnaire consisting of two parts was used as the data collection tool in theresearch. The personal information form was used in the first part and the "Reading Habit Attitude Scale" developedby Gömleksiz (2004) was used in the second part. Shapiro Wilk and Levene tests were employed to determinewhether the data exhibited a normal distribution in the analysis. The data exhibiting a normal distribution wereanalyzed with the help of t-test and One-Way ANOVA. In multiple comparisons, the Tukey HSD test was used todetermine the groups causing the difference. According to the results of the research, a significant difference wasfound in favor of women in the age variable of sub-dimensions of "love, habit, will, effect and benefit"; in the gendervariable; in favor of ages 18-20-21-22 in sub-dimension of "necessity"; in favor of primary and secondary schoolgraduates in sub-dimensions of "habit, necessity and will" in the father's educational background variable; in favor ofthe average value above 1.5 in sub-dimension of "love" and in favor of average grades between 1.0-2.5 insub-dimension of "benefit" in the academic grade averages variable (p <0.05). No significant difference was foundwith respect to the variables of the department and mother's education background (p> 0.05).It was revealed that among the university students studying physical education and sports training, female studentsread more than the male students and those whose father was a primary or secondary school graduate were morewilling to read and they regarded this habit as a necessity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".