Stunted childhood growth is associated with decompartmentalization of the gastrointestinal tract and overgrowth of oropharyngeal taxa
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Significance Stunting globally affects an estimated 155 million children under 5 years of age, representing about 25% of children worldwide. Due to poor understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, therapeutic interventions to efficiently correct for linear growth delay or associated pathophysiological disturbances are still lacking. Here, we describe the microbial composition of duodenal fluids from stunted children. We show that these children are affected by small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and harbor a characteristic microbial community composed mainly of oropharyngeal bacteria. This microbial signature is also reflected in their feces and conserved between countries. Stunting is traditionally considered to arise from recurrent enteric infections. This study shows that oropharyngeal taxa are associated with stunting, suggesting that alternative pathophysiological mechanisms are involved.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".