Boomtown Attitudes and Perceptions Non-renewable Energy Extraction Regions:North Dakota, U.S.A., Oil Shale and Alberta, Canada, Oil Sands
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Advances in extractive technology have facilitated the ability to obtain the non-renewable energy, oil sands, and oil shale resources.In this dissertation, the social impacts experienced in the Athabasca region of Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo (RMWB), Alberta, Canada and the Bakken Play in western North Dakota, U.S.A will be explored.This is a multi-site, multicultural, and multinational study that compares the responses from these rural geographically diverse regions.A questionnaire was completed by the 95 respondents that participated in this study; 40 from RMWB and 39 from different locations throughout the Bakken Play.In addition, 16 Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation (MAH) enrolled members from Fort Berthold Indian Reservations (Three Affiliated Tribes) were included as well.An interview followed the completion of the questionnaires.The resultant mixed methods approach captured their demographic data, socioeconomic, attitudes, perceptions, subjective well-being, and community attachment in the boomtown environment.Although RMWB and the Bakken Play have experienced energy booms in the past, drilling had not occurred on the sovereign lands on Fort Berthold Indian Reservation.In addition, this dissertation will also review the use of social impact assessments (SIA) in Canada (CEPA 1999) and the United States (NEPA 1977) in relation to lessening the impacts in energy resource communities.It is the hope that this research will add to the existing body of work will contribute to understanding the social impacts within a boomtown community.Keywords: oil shale, oil sands, word cloud, mixed methods, boomtown Like most individuals that have reached the pinnacle of education, I have many professors, family, and numerous friends who were more than patient, supportive and, most of all pushy to further my education.To everyone, thank you.To my academic family, whose fields of interest and research are as diverse as they are.To my geography family: Roger Selya, Ph.D. who has traveled the very bumpy road of my personal and academic life.He has been my friend
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".