Magnetic resonance imaging findings in ovarian torsion post in vitro fertilization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Patients who get pregnant after being treated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) are at significantly increased risk of ovarian torsion compared to the general population and also in comparison to patients who get pregnant normally [1,2]. The risk is further increased in patients who develop ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome [1]. This possibility should be considered in this group of patients presenting with acute abdominal pain and immediate management should be commenced. Here, we report 2 patients who received treatment for infertility with IVF and developed ovarian torsion and we discuss their management including the imaging workup. The first case is a 34-year-old woman at 11 + 3 weeks of gestation after IVF who presented with a 12-hour acute right lower abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. She underwent an ultrasound examination and then further evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging which showed asymmetric enlargement of the right ovary and stromal edema and a diagnosis of ovarian torsion was made. The patient underwent laparoscopic detortion and the ovary was salvaged. The second case is a 33-year-old woman at 9 weeks of gestation after IVF who presented with intermittent abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and nausea and vomiting for 5 days but became worse on the fifth day. Ultrasound and subsequently magnetic resonance imaging were performed which confirmed hyperstimulation syndrome. Abnormal location of the left ovary anterior to the uterus with higher volume as well as the clinical progression raised the possibility of ovarian torsion and prompted a diagnostic laparoscopy which showed right ovarian torsion and detortion was performed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".