Long‐term follow‐up of patients treated with entecavir and peginterferon add‐on therapy for <scp>HB</scp>eAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B infection: <scp>ARES</scp> long‐term follow‐up
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary Addition of peginterferon alpha ( PEG ‐ IFN add‐on) to entecavir ( ETV ) treatment after a short lead‐in phase results in more response than ETV monotherapy in HB eAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B infection ( CHB ). This study is the first to assess long‐term efficacy of this treatment strategy. Patients who received ETV ± 24 weeks of PEG ‐ IFN add‐on in a global trial ( ARES study) and completed follow‐up were eligible to participate in this observational LTFU study if they had at least one combined HB eAg and HBV DNA measurement beyond week 96 of the ARES study. The primary endpoint was combined response ( HB eAg loss and HBV DNA <200 IU / mL ) at LTFU . In total, 48 patients treated with PEG ‐ IFN add‐on and 48 patients treated with ETV monotherapy were included. The median follow‐up duration was 226 ( IQR 51) weeks, and 86/96 (90%) patients were initial non‐responders. At LTFU , combined response was present in 13 (27%) vs 11 (23%) patients ( P = 0.81), and 1 log 10 HB sAg decline in 59% vs 28% ( P = 0.02) for PEG ‐ IFN add‐on and ETV monotherapy, respectively. In 41 initial non‐responders who continued ETV therapy, combined response at LTFU was present in 9 patients ( PEG ‐ IFN add‐on: 5/22 [23%]; ETV monotherapy: 4/19 [21%]). Beyond week 96 of follow‐up, rates of serological response became comparable between PEG ‐ IFN add‐on and ETV monotherapy. Although in this LTFU study initial non‐responders were overrepresented in the add‐on arm, PEG ‐ IFN add‐on possibly leads rather to accelerated HB eAg loss than to increased long‐term HB eAg loss rates.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".