Impact of a novel bitumen extraction process on mined oil sands tailings behavior
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hybrid bitumen extraction (HBE) at ambient conditions has potential, as an alternative to the commercially used modified Clark hot water extraction (CHWE) for mined oil sands. In this work, the dewatering behaviors of tailings suspensions generated on a pilot scale from standard CHWE and from HBE are studied. Using a centrifuge‐based technique, sediment height at a given centrifugal acceleration is measured as a function of time, as is equilibrium consolidation height vs. acceleration. By fitting the measurements to a consolidation model, compressive yield stress data is obtained. Settling of tailings suspensions under earth's gravitation are also observed for comparison. Results demonstrate that the suspensions from the pilot HBE process settle faster than those from standard aqueous process at a given acceleration. The data also suggest that the suspensions from the pilot HBE are more compressible, as indicated by higher final compressed solids weight fraction for a given yield stress.© 2018 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of CanadaAIChE Journal © 2018 American Institute of Chemical EngineersReproduced with the permission of the Minister of Natural Resources Canada. AIChE J, 65: 250–258, 2019
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".