Endo‐sinus bone formation after transalveolar sinus floor elevation without grafting with simultaneous implant placement‐ histological and histomorphometric assessment in a dog model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Recent studies have reported satisfying endo-sinus bone gain after transalveolar sinus floor elevation (TSFE) without bone grafting in clinical observations. However, there is a lack of histological evidence for endo-sinus bone gain and the influence of chemically modified implant surface (SLActive) on bone healing process under this circumstance remains unknown. Aim/Hypothesis To evaluate endo-sinus new bone formation and implant osseointegration after transalveolar sinus floor elevation (TSFE) and simultaneous implant placement without any grafting materials, and to investigate the influence of implant surface modification on bone healing process under this circumstance. Material and Methods TSFE and simultaneous implant placement was conducted bilaterally on 12 labrador dogs. No grafting materials were used during surgery. Implants with two different surfaces (SLA and SLActive) were placed in a split-mouth design. The animals were sacrificed 4, 8 and 24 weeks after surgery for histologic and histomorphometric assessments. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC%), alveolar bone height (ABH) and the percentages of mineralized bone (MB%) in the area of interest were analyzed. The probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were also assessed to describe peri-implant health conditions. Results Sprouts of new bone in direct contact with implant surface were seen in the elevated area at every time point. Newly-formed woven bone under sinus membrane was visible. SLActive implants exhibited favorable results compared with SLA implants regarding ABH at 4 weeks, BIC% at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Sites with BOP positive could be observed in both groups at any time point. No newly-formed bone can be found on the implant apex with either SLA or SLActive surfaces at any time point. Conclusions and Clinical Implications Spontaneous new bone formation from the parent bone walls could be observed after TFE without any grafting materials. Therefore grafting materials may not be necessary during surgery with TSFE. However, no clear evidence of bone formation from the Schneiderian membrane could be found. Surface characteristics may be considered as a clinical parameter potentially influencing the outcome of TSFE without bone grafting.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".