Fatigue in adults with cerebral palsy: A three-year follow-up study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
People with cerebral palsy are often tired and may complain about fatigue.In this study we describe the development of fatigue over a mean period of 3 years.We found that fatigue is more or less stable over time on a group level.On an individual level there can be important changes, both increases and decreases in fatigue-related symptoms.We did not find any known risk factors for fatigue (for example body mass index, age) to be predictive of change in fatigue over time.We learned that adults with CP, who experience fatigue, are likely to remain fatigued in the future.We therefore think it is important for care providers to monitor and talk about fatigue with adults with CP.We would suggest care providers begin this discussion at a much younger age to influence fatigue later in life.Objectives: To describe the course of fatigue over a 3-year follow-up period in adults with cerebral palsy and to investigate the association of known determinants of fatigue (i.e.demographic characteristics and/or body composition) with change in fatigue.Methods: Forty-one adults with cerebral palsy from a previous study of fatigue were invited to participate in a follow-up study.Twenty-three adults with cerebral palsy (Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I-V; mean age 38 years 2 months, standard deviation (SD) 14 years 1 month)) agreed to participate (convenience sample).Fatigue was measured with the Fatigue Impact and Severity Self-Assessment (FISSA, range 31-157) questionnaire.The course of fatigue is described at group, subgroup (GMFCS) and individual levels.Results: The mean FISSA score for all participants was 84.0 (SD 27.7) at baseline and 91.7 (SD 26.7) at follow-up.Despite variations among individuals in the change of fatigue, there was no statistically significant difference in FISSA score over time (p = 0.087, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) -16.7 to 1.22).No known determinants of fatigue predictive of change in FISSA scores were found.Discussion: Fatigue appears to be relatively stable within adults with cerebral palsy over time, with a variable presentation between individuals and across GMFCS levels.Care providers should monitor and discuss fatigue in young individuals with cerebral palsy in order to attenuate fatigue later in life.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".