Low-frequency acoustic observations with cabled observatories on the Juan de Fuca Ridge
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the Northeast Pacific Ocean, the NSF Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) and Ocean Networks Canada (ONC) operate regional cabled observatories that include a network of seismometers and hydrophones enclosing the northern half of the Juan de Fuca plate, and local observatories at two sites on the Juan de Fuca Ridge: Axial Seamount (OOI) and the Endeavour segment (ONC). At each ridge site, local networks of seismometers and hydrophones provide a tool to monitor in real time the seismic and acoustic signals associated with volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes. In 2015, Axial Seamount erupted a few months after the installation of the OOI. Following the eruption, regionally recorded T-phases were used to track a dike propagating along the Axial North Rift. Acoustic signals from impulsive sources associated with lava flows, detected eruptions in the caldera and on the North Rift. Diffuse acoustic signals were also associated with the later stages of the eruption. The low-frequency acoustic capabilities of the OOI and ONC cabled observatories are underutilized and future applications could include the reestablishment of regional acoustic earthquake monitoring, tracking eruptions in real time to guide rapid autonomous and ship-based response efforts, and enhanced studies of fin and blue whales.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".