MINIMAL CLINICALLY IMPORTANT DIFFERENCE OF THE LATE-LIFE FUNCTION AND DISABILITY INSTRUMENT IN OLDER ADULTS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI) is a well validated and frequently used patient-reported outcome measure in older adults. The aim of this study was to provide the first estimates of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of the LLFDI-Function Component (LLFDI-FC) and its subscales among community-dwelling older adults with mobility limitations. We performed a secondary analysis of the Boston Rehabilitative Impairment Study of the Elderly, a longitudinal cohort study of older adults with mobility limitations residing in the community. The MCID for each LLFDI-FC scale over 1-year of follow-up was estimated using both anchor and distribution-based methods including mean change scores on a patient-reported global rating of change in function scale (GRC), the standard error of measurement (SEM), and the minimal detectable change with 90% confidence (MDC90). Data from 320 older adults were used in the analysis (mean age 76, 69% female, mean of 4 chronic conditions). Meaningful change estimates for “small change” based on the GRC and SEM were 2, 3, 4 and 4 points for the LLFDI-FC overall function scale and basic lower-extremity, advanced lower-extremity and upper-extremity sub-scales, respectively. Estimates for “substantial change” based on the GRC and MDC90 were 5, 6, 9 and 10 for the overall function scale and basic lower-extremity, advanced lower-extremity and upper-extremity sub-scales, respectively. These MCID estimates can be used to interpret the outcomes of longitudinal investigations of functional status in similar populations of community-dwelling older adults.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".