270. Prevalence and Impact of β-Lactam Allergies at a Canadian Pediatric Center
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rational and appropriate use of antibiotics is a global priority since inappropriate or unnecessary use is associated with antibiotic resistance and patient morbidity. In adult patients, the presence of a β-lactam allergy label (BLA) often leads to the use of broader spectrum agents with more toxicity. Infections account for a majority of pediatric hospital admissions, and β-lactam antibiotics are often considered first-line therapy. There is limited evidence on the impact of BLA on prescribing practices in pediatrics. The primary objective of this study was to determine the proportion of children with a reported BLA who received second-line antimicrobials (as determined by hospital empiric antibiotic guidelines). The secondary objective was to identify patient characteristics associated with receiving second-line antibiotics. A 1-year retrospective cohort study was undertaken at the Hospital for Sick Children. We reviewed the characteristics and management of patients with a reported BLA who received antibiotics from January to December 2016. Of the 16,224 admissions in 2016, 206 patients with a reported BLA received antibiotics. Among these patients, the median age was 7.9 years (IQR 4.0, 12.8) and the majority of patients had at least one medical condition (n = 120, 59.3%), including 27 children with complex medical or genetic conditions (13.1%). Penicillin (n = 86, 41.8%) and amoxicillin (n = 70, 33.9%) were the most commonly reported allergens. Nonsevere rashes were the most commonly reported allergic reactions (n = 158, 73.1%). Ninety-four patients (46%; 95% CI (0.39,0.52) received second-line therapy. After adjusting for age and sex, the odds of receiving a second-line antibiotic were increased in patients with any underlying medical condition (OR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.32–4.56), had a reported allergic reaction that was deemed high-risk (i.e., anaphylaxis, respiratory or systemic symptoms, severe rashes) (OR = 2.61, 95% CI 1.11–6.11) or who received antibiotics for surgical prophylaxis (OR = 3.30, 95% CI 1.44–7.54). Almost half of pediatric patients with a reported BLA received a second-line antibiotic when compared with hospital empiric antibiotic guidelines. There is a need for a systematic approach to evaluating reported BLA in order to promote judicious prescribing habits. All authors: No reported disclosures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".