ALL THE SINGLE LADIES’: PERSPECTIVES ON IDENTITY AND WELL-BEING ACROSS THE LIFESPAN
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Singlehood may or may not be a choice; but it is often a statement about identity for many women. Historically, singlehood has been a deviant identity. One that signals a personal flaw or eccentricity. However, high divorce rates, and increasing preferences for cohabitation and living alone have made singlehood increasingly common across societies in the Global North. Further, while a large body of research reports on the health benefits that accrue from non-single status, little research has focused on the heterogeneity among single individuals as a growing cohort, and on the ways that singlehood both shapes identity, and influences health and well-being. Moreover, only a limited body of research has explored how this phenomena is changing societally, and how it has affected women of different ages and life stages. Using a life course perspective and a critical feminist lens, this paper draws upon qualitative interviews to understand the ‘lived experience of singlehood’ for women at three different life stages notably as they seek educational opportunities and enter the job market, as middle-aged members of the workforce and mothers, and finally, as persons exiting the workforce or retirees. Our findings suggest that women in each of these stages experiences singlehood in unique ways. From our critical lens, economic well-being is consistently important for singles as is the nature, rather than the number of friendships. This research is a starting point for understanding the implications of growing numbers of single women within a dynamic and historic period in time.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.018 | 0.025 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.011 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".