Inhibitory effects of silver nanoparticles on photosystem II performance in Lemna gibba probed by chlorophyll fluorescence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Toxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on photosynthetic processes and biomass were investigated in aquatic plant Lemna gibba, and the plants were exposed to different concentrations of AgNPs for 7 days. At 7 day of exposure, a direct negative impact on the physiological state of plant was indicated by the decrease of chlorophyll (Chl) synthesis, the deterioration of photosynthetic activity and the change in biomass. When L. gibba was treated to 1 mg L−1 of AgNPs, total Chl content and the biomass decreased respectively by 66 and 51% compared to the control (P < 0.05). Under this condition, the alteration of photosystem II (PSII) photochemical reactions was indicated by a significant change compared to control of different studied fluorescence parameters value: FV/FM (35%), ET/RC (63%), VJ (61%), qP (57%) and NPQ (102%). Therefore, Chl a fluorescence measurements showed strong evidence of inhibitory effects on energy transfer from light harvesting complexes to reaction centers, the deterioration of the PSII water splitting system and the inactivation of PSII reaction centers at 1 mg L−1. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that AgNPs induced an inhibitory mechanism on photosynthetic processes and biomass of L. gibba plant.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".