Optical, Photoelectrochemical and Impedance Studies on Poly 3,3’ Dibromo, 2,2’ Bithiophene: Effect of Bromine as a Substituent at C-3 Position in 2,2’ Bithiophene Molecules
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Thin films of poly 3, 3’ dibromo, 2,2’ biththiophene (PDBrBTh) and poly 2,2’ biththiophene (PBTh) on fluorine doped tin oxide electrode (FTO) were subjected to optical, electrochemical and impedance studies in various aqueous electrolytes. Both polymers showed electrochromic properties, where the neutral film at -1.0 V vs Ag/AgCl shows red color, and the oxidized (doped) film at positive potentials shows blue color. Optical studies indicated that PDBrBTh showed a greater optical band gap than that of PBTh. Our studies also showed that the presence of bromine as a substituent at the C-3 position of the thiophene ring causes a greater ionization potential (IP) than PBTh. PDBrBTh also shows closer values of refractive index(n), and real (εr,) and imaginary (εi) dielectric constants to that of PBTh at photon energies between 2.0eV and 3.0 eV. At lower photon energy PDBrBTh showed lower optical conductivity than Br-free PBTh. Study also indicated that PDBrBTh is much less photoactive that PBTh. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies (EIS) revealed that PDBrBTh possesses less relaxation time, and less double layer capacitance (Cdl) in dark and under illumination.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".