A Systematic Circuit-based Approach to Efficiently Realize Singleand Dual-band Circular Polarizers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper describes a systematic circuit-based approach which streamlines the realization of linear-to-circular polarizers. Two demonstrative designs are presented and the related challenges and opportunities are discussed. The first design is a low-loss polarizer, composed of two identical frequency selective surfaces (FSSs). The reduced number of layers yields a total profile of one-tenth of a wavelength, while providing high polarization purity and high transparency. This design features axial ratio of less than 3 dB (1 dB) over 10% (4%) fractional bandwidth, with low insertion loss of 0.5 dB (0.36 dB). The second design is a dual-band polarizer comprised of five FSS layers, which demonstrates low insertion loss of 0.6 dB and 4 / 2.7% bandwidth at 20 / 30 GHz. The unit cell used to realize the equivalent circuit elements of the polarizers is based on a subwavelength FSS grid, the so-called modified Jerusalem cross, recently introduced in the literature. The low profile and compactness of this cell (0.17λ 0 ×0.17λ 0 ×0.11λ 0 ) enhance the accuracy of the circuit-driven approach, relax the computational analysis, and could potentially reduce the sensitivity to the angle of incidence. In particular, the low insertion loss of such designs makes them appealing for a variety of terrestrial and satellite applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".