Therapeutic targets and early stage clinical trials for pulmonary fibrosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an age-associated, progressive, and irreversible fatal interstitial lung disease. Although many drugs have failed in clinical trials, these failures improved the understanding of the pathogenesis of IPF. Currently, there are two drugs approved for IPF that slow the progression of the disease. However, the prognosis for patients with IPF remains poor and the search continues for drugs that inhibit the pathogenic pathways active in IPF to further reduce or even halt the progression of the disease.Areas covered: We highlight the recent information on the therapeutic targets currently explored in early stage clinical trials and discuss the potential for new therapy and the limitation of basic research in the treatment of IPF.Expert opinion: A key challenge in the coming years will lie in deciding which compounds to combine and how to evaluate combination therapies in clinical trials. The drugs most likely to provide additive efficacy when used in combination with one of the approved therapies are those with alternative, complementary, or synergistic mechanisms of action.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02257177.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02738801.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02538536.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02503657.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01371305.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02550873.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02688647.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01872689.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01529853.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02345070.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01629667.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01890265.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01262001.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03142191.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02036970.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00463983.Trial registration: Japan Primary Registries Network identifier: JapicCTI-183898.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.024 | 0.029 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.037 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".